Contamination of Tributyltin Compounds on Shellfish Uses Tolerable Average Residue Levels on Pulau Pramuka Kepulauan Seribu

Aims: This research is aimed to know the contamination of tributyltin (TBT) compounds on shellfish uses TARL. To determine the level of contamination in seafood, shellfish use the weight of an average person.

Place and Duration of Study: Ecology Laboratory and Central Laboratory, Padjadjaran University from January until April 2019.

Methodology: The research was conducted purposive sampling consisted of 3 different location with a total 98 shell. Tributyltin analysis is to determine the level of tributyltin contamination in shellfish which can affect an individual in consuming tributyltin-contaminated shells. The results were statistically analyzed TARL carried out and analyzed descriptively.

Results: 8 species of shellfish have been identified, Tellina virgata, Perna viridis, Anadara granosa, Anadara antiquata, Fragum unedo, Fimbria fimbricata, Gafrarium tumidum and Tridacna squamosa. The number of bivalves found was different at each station. The total number of shells identified in all 98 individuals from the three stations, Anadara granosa species is the dominant species found, this is because Anadara granosa shells can live in different types of habitats and their existence tends to dominate the open, coastal and estuary waters. The results of tributyltin analysis on shellfish showed TBT contamination in shellfish, each research location found different concentrations of tributyltin. Muara Angke pier was found to be the highest TBT concentration in meat in Perna viridis at 0.170 ± 0.0192 ng.g-1. From available TBT analysis data, the estimated daily TBT intake to the average person who likes seafood on Pramuka Island with a bodyweight of 60 kg is 0.54-10.2 ng TBT.person-1.day-1 through shellfish consumption. Although this value is still far from the threshold of a tolerable value of 15 g.person-1.day-1. The estimated daily intake of TBT through seafood products in Indonesia is among the lowest compared to developed countries, such as Japan (3000-100000 g.person-1.day-1), Canada (<610-15000 g.person-1.day-1), USA (4000-45000 g.person-1.day-1), Finland (970-9700 g.person-1.day-1) and some Asian countries such as Thailand (228-45714 through shellfish consumption and the Philippines (2361-68312 through shellfish). Several things that affect daily consumption per capita in determining TARL are based on average values. This implies, that some populations consume more seafood products (fishermen, people who have a preference for consuming fish) than the average so that there is a greater risk of seafood that has been contaminated with tributyltin. Then TARL is based on the average person weighing 60 kg. A person with a lighter weight will receive relatively more compound tributyltin per kg of body weight.

Conclusion: Based on the results of the research is the contamination of tributyltin compounds in shellfish seafood by 0.170 ng.g-1 with an estimated daily intake of TBT to the average person who likes seafood on Pramuka Island with a bodyweight of 60 kg is 0.54-10.2 ng TBT.person-1.day-1 through shellfish consumption.